Multidisk shifting element

ABSTRACT

A multi-disk shifting element of a motor vehicle transmission, which includes a plurality of outer disks ( 2 ) and a plurality of lining disks ( 1 ) which, when viewed axially, are arranged in alternation one after another. The outer disks include a number of flat outer disks (AL 1 ) and a number of corrugated outer disks (AL 2 , AL 3 ).

This application claims priority from German patent application serial no. 10 2012 202 470.0 filed Feb. 17, 2012.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a multi-disk shifting element of a motor vehicle transmission.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In multi-disk shifting elements wobbling of the disks is a well known problem, which is exacerbated at large speed differences between the outer and the lining disks in the open condition of the shifting element, such that with shifting elements of large diameter with high circumferential speeds, the outer disks in particular tend to wobble. This involves nutation and precession movements of individual disks, which with increasing speed lead to periodic, axial oscillations of the disk packet as a whole. Disadvantageously, disk wobble leads to high drag torques and results in a temperature increase. With quantitatively small idling torques disk wobble can also result in very large torque losses since some disks, due to their wobbling motion, produce greater friction against the surrounding medium and/or against adjacent disks; furthermore, disk wobble can lead to damage or even destruction of the multi-disk shifting element.

Moreover, sticking of the lining disks to the outer disks of the shifting element in the open condition can also result in higher drag torques and temperature elevation.

To prevent disk wobble and sticking of the lining disks to the outer disks, it is known from the prior art to make the outer disks with corrugations. The corrugations damp or prevent disk wobble; furthermore, the corrugations separate disks that tend to stick to one another.

For example, from U.S. Pat. No. 7,806,245 B2 a clutch system is known, which comprises a rotation axis rotated by a torque, at least one pressure plate arranged in an outer area of the rotation axis and which can move along an axial direction of the rotation axis, at least one disk arranged in alternation with the pressure plate and which can move along an axial direction of the rotation axis, and a piston which applies a force on the disk in the axial direction of the rotation axis, so that a frictional force is produced between the pressure plate and the disk. In this case each disk has at least one bend or corrugation along its radial direction; another multi-disk clutch with disks having corrugations in the same direction as one another is described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,927,673 A.

Furthermore, U.S. Pat. No. 1,340,885 A describes a multi-disk clutch with disks corrugated in the same direction and disks corrugated in opposite directions.

Corrugations of the outer disks can be regarded as a geometrical defect which, in combination with the rotating lining disks, leads to oscillations of the system which, by virtue of the corresponding torque transfer via the drive-train, are perceptible during shifting processes. A design of a multi-disk shifting element with disks having oppositely directed corrugations reduces the oscillations during shifting processes but increases the elasticity of the disk packet as a whole, which disadvantageously leads to problems in the control of the shifting processes that make themselves noticeable in the form of perceptible torque impulses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-disk shifting element of a motor vehicle transmission, with which disk wobble and sticking of the lining disks to the outer disks are prevented and in which oscillations are excited as little as possible and the elasticity of the disk packet as a whole is low.

Accordingly a multi-disk shifting element of a motor vehicle transmission is proposed, which comprises a plurality of outer disks and a plurality of lining disks which, as viewed axially, are arranged in alternation, wherein the outer disks include a number of flat outer disks and a number of corrugated outer disks.

The corrugated outer disks can be arranged with their corrugations in the same direction, or can include outer disks with their corrugations arranged in the opposite direction to the other corrugated outer disks, and in the latter case the corrugated outer disks, as viewed axially, can be arranged in respective pairs with oppositely directed corrugations.

According to the invention, the flat and the corrugated outer disks can be arranged in any order, so that any combinations are possible. Preferably, in the disk packet of the multi-disk shifting element the outer disks are stacked in such manner that parts of the disk packet which stick to one another when the shifting element is opened are reliably separated and disk wobble is to a large extent damped.

By virtue of the differently designed outer disks of the disk packet, critical areas can be selectively optimized in relation to disk wobble and/or sticking of the lining disks to the outer disks.

In the case of areas of the disk packet that are not critical from the standpoint of disk wobble and/or sticking of the lining disks to the outer disks, it is preferable to use flat outer disks so that the elasticity of the disk packet can be reduced selectively.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Below, examples of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the attached figures, which show:

FIGS. 1A and 1: Are schematic representations of the differing corrugation modes of outer disks, showing the arrangement of outer disks with their corrugations in the same direction and in opposite directions, respectively;

FIG. 2: A schematic representation of a first embodiment of a multi-disk shifting element according to the invention;

FIG. 3: A schematic representation of a second embodiment of a multi-disk shifting element according to the invention; and

FIG. 4: A schematic representation of another embodiment of a multi-disk shifting element according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Multi-disk shifting elements are very well known to those with knowledge of the field, so in the figure descriptions that follow only the components relevant to the invention are represented and explained.

FIG. 1A shows an arrangement of two outer disks 2 and a lining disk 1, in which the two outer disks 2 are made and arranged as disks of type AL2, namely with their corrugations in the same direction. In FIG. 1 the disks 2 are made and arranged as disks of types AL2 and AL3 with their corrugations in opposite directions.

According to the invention, and referring to FIG. 2, a multi-disk shifting element according to the invention comprises a plurality of outer disks 2 and a plurality of lining disks 1, the outer disks 2 including a number of flat and a number of corrugated outer disks. In FIG. 2 the flat outer disks 2 are indexed AL1, whereas the outer disks 2 indexed AL2, AL3 correspond to disks of the types AL2 or AL3 as shown in FIG. 1.

In the example shown in FIG. 2 the outer disks 2 are stacked in such manner that, as viewed axially, following four flat outer disks AL1 and outer disk of type AL2, an outer disk of type AL3 and another outer disk of type AL2 are arranged so that the corrugated outer disks 2 are in each case arranged in pairs with oppositely directed corrugations.

Referring now to FIG. 3, a multi-disk shifting element can comprise a plurality of outer disks 2 and a plurality of lining disks 1, the outer disks 2 including a number of flat outer disks AL1 and a number of disks AL2 with their corrugations arranged in the same direction.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, as viewed axially, following four flat outer disks AL1 three outer disks AL2 corrugated in the same direction are provided, i.e. as viewed axially the outer disks 2 are arranged in the sequence: flat outer disks AL1-corrugated outer disks AL2.

By virtue of this design the elasticity of the disk packet is selectively reduced, so that in an area of the disk packet which is critical in relation to disk wobble and/or sticking of the lining disks to the outer disks, the corrugated outer disks AL2 are used.

The object of FIG. 4 is an embodiment in which, as viewed axially, the flat outer disks AL1 and the outer disks AL2 corrugated in the same direction are arranged in alternation one after another.

INDEXES

-   1 Lining disk -   2 Outer disk -   AL1 Flat outer disk -   AL2 Corrugated outer disk -   AL3 Corrugated outer disk 

1-7. (canceled)
 8. A multi-disk shifting element of a motor vehicle transmission, the multi-disk shifting element comprising: a plurality of outer disks (2), a plurality of lining disks (1) which, when viewed axially, are arranged in alternation one after another, and the outer disks (2) include a number of flat outer disks (AL1) and a number of corrugated outer disks (AL2, AL3).
 9. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 8, wherein the corrugated outer disks are arranged with their corrugations in a same direction or include outer disks (AL3) which are corrugated in a direction opposite to the other corrugated outer disks (AL2).
 10. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 9, wherein when the corrugated outer disks include outer disks (AL3) whose corrugations are arranged in the opposite direction to those of the other corrugated outer disks (AL2) and, as viewed axially, the corrugated outer disks are respectively arranged in pairs with their corrugations oppositely directed.
 11. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 9, wherein when the corrugated disks are arranged with their corrugations in the same direction and, as viewed axially, the flat disks (AL1) and the corrugated disks (AL2) are arranged in alternation one after another.
 12. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 9, wherein when the corrugated outer disks (2) are arranged with their corrugations in the same direction and, as viewed axially, the outer disks are arranged in a sequence of flat outer disk (AL1)-corrugated outer disk (AL2).
 13. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 8, wherein the outer disks (AL1, AL2, AL3) are stacked in such manner that areas of the disk packet, which tend to stick together when the shifting element is disengaged, are reliably separated, and disk wobble is dampened to a large extent.
 14. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 8, wherein in areas of the disk packet which are not critical in relation to at least one of disk wobble and sticking of the lining disks (1) to the outer disks (2), flat outer disks are used, such that elasticity of the disk packet is selectively reduced.
 15. A multi-disk shifting element of a motor vehicle transmission, the multi-disk shifting element comprising: a plurality of outer disks (2), a plurality of lining disks (1) that are axially arranged in an alternating sequence, and the plurality of outer disks (2) comprising a plurality of flat outer disks (AL1) and a plurality of corrugated outer disks (AL2, AL3).
 16. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 15, wherein each of the corrugated outer disks comprises corrugations, and the corrugated outer disks are axially arranged such that either the corrugations of the corrugated outer disks are arranged in a common direction or the plurality of corrugated outer disks comprise commonly and oppositely directed corrugations.
 17. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 15, wherein each of the plurality of corrugated outer disks comprises corrugations that arranged in a common direction or oppositely directed corrugations, and the plurality of corrugated outer disks are axially arranged such that the corrugated outer disks that are arranged adjacent a corrugated outer disk comprising oppositely directed corrugations are the corrugated outer disks comprising commonly directed corrugations.
 18. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 15, wherein each of the corrugated outer disks comprises corrugations arranged in a common direction, and the corrugated outer disks and the flat outer disks are alternately axially arranged with respect to each other.
 19. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 15, wherein each of the corrugated outer disks comprises corrugations arranged in a common direction, and the flat outer disks are axially arranged with respect to the corrugated outer disks such that only one of the flat outer disks and only one of the corrugated outer disks are adjacent.
 20. The multi-disk shifting element of the motor vehicle transmission according to claim 15, wherein each of the corrugated outer disks comprises either commonly or oppositely arranged corrugations and with regard to the outer disks, the corrugated outer disks comprising commonly directed corrugations are alternately axially arranged with the corrugated outer disks comprising oppositely directed corrugations and only one of the flat outer disks is adjacent the corrugated outer disks. 